As mentioned previously, I am not certain about keeping the
Sabbath. Perhaps it is strict obedience to do so, but that implies much time to
be exact and precise. It certainly is God’s Will to remember the Sabbath, but
how Technical (Teknik in the Greek) is God?
Antinomianism is that
Christians are freed by grace from obedience to the Law of Moses. That makes Mosaic
Law debatable or even negligible. Moses wrote only what God decreed to him, and
the “Ten Words” of God are His direct decrees written on stone for perpetuity.
Antinomianism has good intentions but is entirely wrong! Jesus
said that he did not come to do away with the Law but fulfill it: “Love is the
fulfilling of the law” (Rom 3:10). That validates the perpetuity of the Law and
the truth: “Till heaven and earth pass, one jot or one tittle shall in no wise
pass from the law, till all be fulfilled” (Mat 5:18). The Law is forever, like
it or not!
To love God is to do His Will just as those who love their
fathers do their fathers’ wills. Rather than look on the Ten Words as commands,
the Christian would show his love for God by doing His “Ten Wills” for you. They
are indeed the metrics of love. Rather than love (agape) as emotional, divine
love is goodwill toward God and others.
The Ten Words (Commandments) are not ten works
because they are either cognitive or the absence of work. By grace God gave us
a list of thoughts and avoidances. The “shalt nots” are things not to do,
and the others are ways to think, not work. They are the ergonomic way
of loving God that the Greeks referred to as katergasomai — to accomplish
with no mention of physical work.
Ergon in the Greek is physical work. Hence
“works” are things that expend energy. Expending your own energy for salvation
is vain work in that only by the propitiation of the blood of Jesus can anyone
be saved.
Jesus did all the work as He lost virtue on the Cross to Power
the regeneration of all mankind. The “virtue” that He lost was giving up His
spiritual identity. Jesus gave up His divine Substance to save the empty souls
of mankind. That was the efficacious work that paid for our wages of sin.
If the “Fourth Word,” or “Saying,” of Jesus (yes Jesus, because
He is God) was simple: “Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy” (Exod 20:8).
Examine that precept. Remember (zakar) is to be mindful. That
is not physical work. It is cognitive only. It is “working out” the Will of
God. It is having God and His Will in mind all that day in whatever is done!
God made that “work” easy. It was simply to do no work! God
made his Will ergonomic for us. The Sabbath is literally an “intermission.”
Intermission from what? Working. It is so simple — on one day of the week, do
nothing to please the Lord.
The Jewish calendar is different than the Julian calendar.
Their seventh day is their Sabbatical Day. Their day corresponds with the Sun. The
Sabbath begins at eighteen minutes before sundown when the last work done was
lighting the candles. The exact times of that have been calculated so that each
observes the Sabbath at precisely the same time in their locale. The time
changes because the setting of the Sun differs according to location and
season.
To be in harmony with scripture, because God created the Moon
and Sun on the fourth day and rested three days later, the Sabbath is on the
seventh day measured from the new moons. For the Hebrews in Israel, the Sabbath
was precise because of their proximity to the celestial axis of Jerusalem
— the very navel of the world.
The time this minute (7:52 am in Bowling Green KY) is 3:52
pm in Jerusalem. It is Wednesday morning here and Wednesday evening there. The Sun
set at 7:08 pm on Good Friday (Apr 15,, 2022) in Jerusalem. Thus,
their Sabbath began at 6:50 pm on the day that Jesus died. Jesus died in the ninth
hour or within sixty minutes of 3:00 pm.
Jesus was entombed on the evening of the Crucifixion.
According to Josephus (yes, I am reading Josephus), the Law required
that those crucified be buried before sunset. Hence, Jesus was buried sometime
between 3:00 pm and 6:50 pm on Good Friday. His entombment was the day of rest,
or His Sabbath, and surely it would correspond to the Sabbath Day which
commenced at 6:50 pm.
Thus, just as God rested from the creation on the seventh
day, Jesus rested from the re-creation on the Sabbath day. In Judaism and
scripture, the Sabbath is the last day of the week.
Somehow Emperor Constantine thought that Sunday was a more
appropriate day because of the Resurrection of Jesus. Hence, Sunday is thought
of as the first day of the week, or a new beginning with the Resurrection of
Christ. What he was thinking is unknown, but Sunday became the Lord’s Day.
Certainly, Good Friday was our day that God worked for us, so that would
make sense to the emperor.
On the Julian Calendar (Gregorian in the day of Constantine),
Sunday is from midnight to midnight, literally the middle of the night wherever
you are. Rather than celebrating light it seems to celebrate darkness.
There were no time zones in those days, so midnight was precisely
between the setting and the rising of the Sun but was Rome focused. Rome was to
them the locus of existence. The locus for the Hebrews was the Foundation Stone
wherein the Creation occurred. That stone is now believed to be under the Dome
of the Rock near where Jesus was crucified.
Technically, God’s Sabbath began on anno mundi time
(the year of the world) and at the navel of the world, Jerusalem.
During the exodus from Egypt, the Sabbath was based on the
setting of the Sun wherever they were. Thus, according to scripture, the
Sabbath is flexible, but it always begins with the setting of the Sun
regardless of proximity to Jerusalem. To this day, Jews celebrate the Sabbath
wherever they are. In other words, in the Midwest of America, they begin the Sabbath
eight hours after it technically begins.
Perhaps therefore, the exact time of resting is not
the issue, but that one day of rest is what is so important. Constantine chose
Sunday because it was the day dedicated to the Sun god, and the Romans had
become accustomed to that day for reverence. Surely, Sunday was chosen
as the Christian “Sabbath” because pagans could adapt to it so easily.
Technically, the Sabbath should begin at eighteen minutes
before sundown in Jerusalem wherever you are.
God was lenient to allow the Hebrews to rest on Babylonian time
and Egyptian time. The requirement was for rest for one day. In the West, that
would mean that some of eight hours of that time would be on Sunday morning. If
it is 6:50 am Sunday (the end of the Sabbath day) in Jerusalem, it is 10:50 pm
Saturday here. So sincere Christians do rest part of the Sabbath just as the
Hebrews would in Babylon or Egypt.
Time is relative. It is not for God but for man to schedule his
life. It makes sense that the exact time is not so important but only the day
of rest. The Sabbath can be wherever you are for God’s time is not our time.
Should Christians honor the Sabbath?
16 Wherefore
the children of Israel shall keep the sabbath, to observe the sabbath
throughout their generations, for a perpetual covenant. 17 It is a
sign between me and the children of Israel for ever: for in six days the Lord
made heaven and earth, and on the seventh day He rested, and was refreshed. (Exod 30:16-17)
The Will of God was what? “The children of Israel shall keep
the Sabbath.” Who are the children of Israel? The Abrahamic Covenant includes
everyone, even Ishmaelites, as God covenanted with them as well. But this command
was only for the children of Israel (Jacob). It is for those whose God
is of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. That includes Jesus and the promise of the
Abrahamic Covenant was for his seed that was to be through Israel. Christians
are of the seed of Jesus in a spiritual manner, as His Holy Spirit resides in
them.
By the time of Christ, the only true “Israelites” left
standing were the Judeans (Jews). A Christian, by adoption, is one who is a “Jew
inwardly” (Rom 2:29). That applied to Constantine as Paul is speaking to the Romans
and it is generalized to include all Christians. Therefore, Christians are to
keep the Sabbath.
Some Christians get technical and are Sabbath keepers, but
they too miss the mark in that they use local time. It is certainly acceptable
to make Saturday your day of rest, and God would be okay with Saturday Sabbath
keepers, but they keep the Sabbath on Saturday from 12:00 am to 12:00 pm. That
is not the Sabbath per se to get technical; it is from Friday
evening until Saturday evening.
The Jews were known for the precise keeping of the Law.
The Pharisees saw to that and condemned Jews even for technical reasons. Paul
implied, Let us not be so technical:
14 And the
ruler of the synagogue answered with indignation, because that Jesus had healed
on the sabbath day, and said unto the people, “There are six days in which men
ought to work: in them therefore come and be healed, and not on the sabbath
day.” 15 The Lord then answered him, and said, “Thou hypocrite, doth
not each one of you on the sabbath loose his ox or his ass from the stall, and
lead him away to watering?” (Luke 13:14-15)
Paul was saying, It is the spirit of the Law that is to
be kept not the letter. Now look at the rest of what Paul said to the
Romans, “But he is a Jew, which is one inwardly; and circumcision is that of
the heart, in the spirit, and not in the letter; whose praise is not of men,
but of God” (Rom 2:29). Keeping the Sabbath is in the Spirit not in the
actual work.
Technically, Sabbath keepers should not go to church
because going is doing work of some sort. Jews to this day live in
proximity to their synagogue so that they can walk to synagogue. That is a vain
attempt to keep both the spirit and the letter of the Law, but they walk in
futility because they are still working on the Sabbath by walking.
What may have Paul been implying? That a gentile should keep
the spirit of the Law but not be so technical about it. Perhaps so long as
there is a day of rest to revere God, then that is sufficient for Him. So,
Christians begin their Sabbath at midnight a day later. God would be satisfied
with the spirit of the Law even thought the letter is not met.
Sabbath keepers are Jewish in nature; they endeavor to keep
the spirit and letter of the Law, but they fail at that as well. Sabbath
keepers would still care for their animals. If the ox needed milked, they would
milk because that would be cruel not to milk an animal on the Sabbath day.
Face it — Christians do not keep the letter of the Law and
Jesus was okay with that. What He surely does have a problem with is not
keeping the spirit of the Law. If your Sunday is your Sabbath, that would
be okay with Him, according to what he told the hypocrites. The problem with
many Christians is that even on Sunday they do not keep the spirit of the Law.
Sunday is for rest. God would be okay with our removing the
ox from its stall; or us taking the car out of the garage and going to church.
That much work is the spirit of the Law but not the letter.
Would He be as satisfied that you failed to assemble with
the other Christians who are honoring the Sabbath?
Would He be content that you are so lazy and unmotivated
that you sleep all day on the Sabbath? He prefers that you not do ergon work
(physical) but katergazmai work. You can think on God and read scripture.
You can consider the Word of God. Those things are not work and even if you
take your “ox” out of its “stall” that is still okay!
Did Paul tell the Romans that they could go to the Coliseum on
the Sabbath? Would it be okay for them to watch Roman gladiators battle for
glory? Hopefully, you know that he did not; that would not be the spirit of the
Law.
With that said, consider the Will of God on whatever day is
your Sabbath, but have one day of rest. That is the spirit of the Law.
Employers often give at least Sunday off for rest. Even with
that “generosity” Christians still do not rest.
One person told me that she could not miss work because she
had to eat, but she would seldom go to church to honor the Bread of Life — Jesus
— to give thanks for her Daily Bread. She would stay home and rest on her
Sabbath, but would she “remember” the Sabbath and revere God that day?
She not only missed the letter of the Law, but the spirit of
it as well. It is not only rest for you but for the pleasure of God to do His
Will on that day.
(picture credit: The Guardian)
